{"id":1324,"date":"2025-03-20T00:36:32","date_gmt":"2025-03-20T00:36:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/?p=1324"},"modified":"2025-03-20T03:35:42","modified_gmt":"2025-03-20T03:35:42","slug":"dependencia-eua-china-solucao-latinoamerica","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/pt\/dependencia-eua-china-solucao-latinoamerica\/","title":{"rendered":"Uma Solu\u00e7\u00e3o para a Depend\u00eancia dos EUA da China? Olhar para Am\u00e9rica Latina."},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Being dependent on an enemy to your way of life and an avowed rival for most of the goods you use and consume is not a sound, long-term industrial strategy. Donald Trump recognized that about China in his first campaign and most of the Western world now agrees with him. The defenestration of the US and European industrial base at the hands of the Chinese represents a tragic, flashing-red, potentially economically devastating risk for the West. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">That risk is at its highest when it comes to strategically important, high-margin technological manufacturing, where the US has typically led the world and which has been a major driver of the innovation that has made the US labor force the most productive labor force in the world global economic dominance over the last half century. China is increasingly gaining on those sectors, and in areas like vehicle electronics they may actually be ahead already, as <a href=\"https:\/\/www.wsj.com\/business\/autos\/ford-china-ev-competition-farley-ceo-50ded461\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">como o CEO da Ford, Jim Farley, apontou ao Wall Street Journal no final do ano passado.\"<\/mark><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Electric Vehicles Share of all Auto Sales<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"604\" src=\"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/China-EV-production-compared-to-the-rest-of-the-world-International-Energy-Agency-1024x604.jpg\" alt=\"Carros el\u00e9tricos fabricados na China em compara\u00e7\u00e3o com o resto do mundo\" class=\"wp-image-1325\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-srcset=\"\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Fonte: Ag\u00eancia Internacional de Energia<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">O crescimento do Vietn\u00e3 como um grande exportador para os Estados Unidos \u00e9, em grande parte, impulsionado por empresas chinesas que simplesmente est\u00e3o substituindo as m\u00e3os que fabricam os produtos e o selo na embalagem de chin\u00eas para Vietnamita, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/asia\/2024\/04\/25\/chinese-firms-are-expanding-in-south-east-asia\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">conforme o The Economist.<\/mark><\/a>. The long arm of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) obviously extends to foreign operations of Chinese companies, regardless of what the press releases of the companies might say. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">If the CCP asks Chinese companies to tamper with products or install malware in goods exported to the US so that they might be utilized in a bellicose encounter, they don\u2019t ask kindly. Various Chinese companies have been increasingly doing that recently, per <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/technology\/cybersecurity\/us-removes-malware-allegedly-planted-computers-by-chinese-backed-hackers-2025-01-14\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters<\/a> <\/mark>e a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.nbcnews.com\/news\/world\/china-linked-group-malware-spy-commercial-shipping-cargo-report-eset-rcna152129\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">NBC<\/mark><\/a>. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">And if they refuse to comply with the government? Just ask Jack Ma (remember him?), who mysteriously disappeared and had his company Alibaba almost obliterated after ending on the wrong side of the CCP, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-asia-china-65084344\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">conforme o BBC<\/mark><\/a>. And by the way, Vietnam is governed by the Communist Party of Vietnam, the same party the US fought so fiercely against not long ago.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"602\" height=\"361\" src=\"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/President-of-Vietnam-since-2024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1328\" style=\"width:1170px;height:auto\" title=\"\" srcset=\"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/President-of-Vietnam-since-2024.jpg 602w, https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/President-of-Vietnam-since-2024-300x180.jpg 300w, https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/President-of-Vietnam-since-2024-18x12.jpg 18w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 602px) 100vw, 602px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">L\u01b0\u01a1ng C\u01b0\u1eddng, Presidente do Vietn\u00e3 desde 2024 e Membro Permanente do Secretariado do Partido Comunista do Vietn\u00e3.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">It&#8217;s been 8 years since Trump first took office and the \u201cDivest from China\u201d movement started in earnest, but although there is bipartisan agreement on pushing back against China, they have not provided a viable alternative to importers and consumers. The lack of realism from politicians on both sides of the aisle is disconcerting. The truth of the matter is that garment factories that manufacture affordable clothes for blue collar families around the world are just not coming back to the US. Many other low-margin industries that manufacture commoditized industrial products aren\u2019t coming back either, as Western labor is just too expensive. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">The real question is why would you even want them to? They typically pay terrible wages given the paper-thin margins of the industry <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">(<a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/sections\/goats-and-soda\/2024\/10\/23\/g-s1-28960\/why-the-garment-workers-of-bangladesh-are-feeling-poorer-than-ever\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">como cerca de ~$130 por m\u00eas em Bangladesh, segundo a NPR<\/a>)<\/mark>, ent\u00e3o nem mesmo faz sentido financeiramente para os EUA querer isso. \u00c9 muito melhor focar e expandir sua base industrial para se concentrar em manufatura de maior valor agregado, bens estrategicamente importantes como semicondutores, gadgets tecnol\u00f3gicos ou ve\u00edculos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Nevertheless, that doesn\u2019t mean the US and the Western world should let them keep them, as the profits they generate feed the increasingly active Chinese Red Army. The US needs another low-cost locale for factories that don\u2019t make sense bringing back, and, importantly, that the US can actually keep the Chinese out from. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">It must be a place where American companies, not Chinese ones, dominate. A place where the governments are either unwilling or unable to ever endanger or extort the national interest of the US. It has always seemed very strange to me all throughout the US-China row that the US has been so shortsighted that it hasn\u2019t seen the solution right in front, or better said, below them: Latin America.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"575\" src=\"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/Javier-Milei-and-Nayib-Bukele-together-1024x575.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1329\" style=\"width:1170px;height:auto\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-srcset=\"\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Os presidentes Javier Milei da Argentina e Nayib Bukele de El Salvador se encontram na Casa Rosada em Buenos Aires.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">The U.S. should keep strategic, high margin manufacturing on-shore, and third-party the non-strategic, essential, low-margin goods manufacturing to countries in Latin America. Redirecting low-cost manufacturing from China to Latin America through a deepening economic relationship with the region would bring countless benefits to US national security. Latin Americans love America but love their countries even more. Given the obscene contrast in standard of living and the abject poverty many of them face in their beloved countries, they literally walk to the freedom offered by their 2<sup>nd<\/sup> favorite country in the world, the United States of America. But don\u2019t be mistaken: They would rather stay in their countries.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Investment by US companies in the region could therefore kill 3 birds with 1 stone: Provide a realistic, near-shore, politically controllable alternative to China, offer a better alternative than illegal immigration to the impoverished masses of the region and prevent a major rival get insert themselves into Latin American political dynamics, as they have increasingly been trying to for over a decade, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.europarl.europa.eu\/thinktank\/en\/document\/EPRS_BRI(2025)769504\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">segundo o Parlamento Europeu<\/mark><\/a>. Com pol\u00edticos fortemente pr\u00f3-americanos, como <a href=\"https:\/\/apnews.com\/article\/musk-chainsaw-milei-trump-cpac-doge-d8fa68fb9aecd355772ed6529fcb615e\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">Javier Milei<\/mark><\/a> e a <a href=\"https:\/\/www.npr.org\/2024\/02\/23\/1233577076\/el-salvador-president-nayib-bukele-receives-a-warm-welcome-at-cpac\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">Nayib Bukele<\/mark><\/a> ascendendo na regi\u00e3o, as empresas americanas provavelmente seriam bem recebidas pelos governos locais que as apoiam.\"<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">De forma alguma estou defendendo que os EUA fa\u00e7am isso por pura bondade. Subs\u00eddios, doa\u00e7\u00f5es e ajuda humanit\u00e1ria, \u00e0s vezes, fazem mais mal do que bem a longo prazo. Corrijam-me se estiver errado, mas n\u00e3o me lembro de um pa\u00eds ter se tornado uma na\u00e7\u00e3o de primeiro mundo por meio de d\u00e9cadas de ajuda humanit\u00e1ria. O dinheiro que os trabalhadores e bem-intencionados contribuintes americanos enviam para os pa\u00edses empobrecidos normalmente acaba nas contas banc\u00e1rias su\u00ed\u00e7as de pol\u00edticos latino-americanos, como a <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\"><a href=\"https:\/\/newsroom.ap.org\/editorial-photos-videos\/detail?itemid=dc250d7bb140268aa920d70e6fa6119e&amp;mediatype=video&amp;source=youtube\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Associated Press<\/a>,<\/mark> <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.reuters.com\/article\/world\/brazil-gets-access-to-swiss-accounts-of-politicians-petrobras-executives-idUSKCN12J1G9\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Reuters<\/a> <\/mark>e muitos outros relataram, e como qualquer latino-americano pode confirmar. Ensine-os a pescar, n\u00e3o apenas a dar o peixe. Comerciar mais com a Am\u00e9rica Latina seria uma alternativa vi\u00e1vel, de curto a m\u00e9dio prazo, como destino industrial para setores de manufatura de baixo valor agregado.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Os benef\u00edcios geopol\u00edticos de transferir essas opera\u00e7\u00f5es da China para a Am\u00e9rica Latina s\u00e3o altos e os riscos baixos. Os latino-americanos n\u00e3o aspiram que seus pa\u00edses substituam os EUA como a principal pot\u00eancia mundial; eles apenas querem sair do ciclo de pobreza. Eles est\u00e3o at\u00e9 culturalmente e religiosamente alinhados, pois os pa\u00edses s\u00e3o tradicionalmente cat\u00f3licos e a maioria tem movimentos evang\u00e9licos protestantes em forte crescimento, segundo<a href=\"https:\/\/www.economist.com\/the-americas\/2023\/04\/05\/evangelicals-may-soon-rival-catholics-in-latin-america\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"> <mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">o Economist<\/mark><\/a>. Portanto, o crescimento econ\u00f4mico n\u00e3o alimentaria governos teocr\u00e1ticos extremistas e anti-americanos, como aconteceria em muitas regi\u00f5es do mundo; muito pelo contr\u00e1rio.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Politicamente, embora n\u00e3o tenha faltado l\u00edderes socialistas populistas latino-americanos no s\u00e9culo 21<sup>st<\/sup> a maioria agora v\u00ea essa experi\u00eancia, liderada pela Venezuela, como um fracasso e trag\u00e9dia embara\u00e7osos e est\u00e1 expulsando-os do poder, ou tentando, em todos os lugares que pode, como demonstrado pelas vit\u00f3rias retumbantes de <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-latin-america-67470549\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">Milei<\/mark><\/a>, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/world-latin-america-68196826\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\">Bukele<\/mark><\/a>e a vit\u00f3ria (<mark style=\"background-color:rgba(0, 0, 0, 0)\" class=\"has-inline-color has-primary-color\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.theguardian.com\/world\/article\/2024\/aug\/06\/venezuela-election-maduro-analysis\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">infamemente roubada<\/a><\/mark>) de Gonzalez na Venezuela. Embora seja uma conversa para outra ocasi\u00e3o, eu at\u00e9 atribu\u00eda o crescimento desses socialistas \u00e0 falta de aten\u00e7\u00e3o dada pelos EUA \u00e0 regi\u00e3o desde o governo Clinton at\u00e9 a nomea\u00e7\u00e3o de Marco Rubio como Secret\u00e1rio de Estado dos EUA.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"683\" src=\"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/JD-Vance-swears-in-Marco-Rubio-as-the-first-Latino-U.S.-Secretary-of-State-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-1330\" style=\"width:1170px;height:auto\" title=\"\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" data-srcset=\"\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">O Vice-presidente JD Vance empossa Marco Rubio como o primeiro Secret\u00e1rio de Estado Latino dos EUA.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">Independentemente disso, talvez n\u00e3o haja um momento melhor para dar uma segunda olhada na Am\u00e9rica Latina. O governo dos EUA e os doadores corporativos americanos poderiam, e deveriam, apoiar pol\u00edticos e movimentos alinhados aos EUA na regi\u00e3o, oferecendo uma boa prote\u00e7\u00e3o para as empresas americanas que l\u00e1 chegarem. N\u00e3o necessariamente de forma secreta; ser aberto seria at\u00e9 mais sincero e ajudaria os candidatos. No entanto, dadas as altas apostas geopol\u00edticas e a necessidade de solu\u00e7\u00f5es r\u00e1pidas, os EUA n\u00e3o devem abordar isso com um idealismo voltado para a democracia, mas sim com pragmatismo.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\">When looking for pro-American politicians in the region, don\u2019t go expecting to find people who are in love with the separation of powers and UN-sounding democratic resolutions. Find legitimately pro-American politicians that have, or can have, the political muscle that will provide stability and good terms to American companies and that will keep their country away from Chinese influence. More Bukeles, less Mauricio Macris. With Latin America, better to be Kissinger than Hillary Clinton. It\u2019s in America\u2019s interest.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Being dependent on an enemy to your way of life and an avowed rival for most of the goods you use and consume is not a sound, long-term industrial strategy. Donald Trump recognized that about China in his first campaign and most of the Western world now agrees with him. The defenestration of the US [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1326,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[25,16,34,24,22,29,35,31,27,28,20,12,19,30,26,23,37,18,32,36,33,17,21],"class_list":["post-1324","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research-reports","tag-bukele","tag-china","tag-china-vs-u-s","tag-dependency","tag-dolar","tag-exports","tag-geopolitics","tag-global-economy","tag-growth","tag-imports","tag-invest","tag-investments","tag-latam","tag-manufacturing","tag-milei","tag-private-equity","tag-relations","tag-report","tag-supply-chain","tag-trade","tag-u-s-foreign-policy","tag-usa","tag-yuan"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1324","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1324"}],"version-history":[{"count":11,"href":"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1324\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1355,"href":"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1324\/revisions\/1355"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1326"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1324"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1324"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/handaldunaway.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1324"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}